The 7 Juglandaceae-feeding Catocala species angusi, habilis, judith, obscura, residua, robinsonii and serena are all Shagbark Hickory (Carya ovata) specialists that hide under shags rather than on branches and twigs, are correspondingly dorso-laterally flattened with suffused/reduced ventral spotting on A1-A4 and A7-A8, lack lateral filaments, and often sport darker lateral (cf. dorsal) "racing stripes." Larvae of obscura and residua not reliably separable from one another without rearing to adult, but as a pair, differ from the other 5 in having mostly lighter grey ground color, coupled with head capsule with black markings limited to the mandibular and ocellar areas and absent from the lobes/vertices, and ventral spotting usually present. Larvae of serena lacking ventral spotting or nearly so (but some angusi and habilis indistinguishable on this character), usually with somewhat darker ground color than obscura/residua, head capsule as in obscura/residua but with black markings noticeably broader. Larvae of judith like serena though usually darker ground color still, and with ventral spotting present. Larvae of robinsonii with ground color and ventral spotting usually like obscura/residua, but head capsule thoroughly overtaken by broad black mandibular and lateral bands, often extending/framing over the vertices, and central area of lobes often demaculated of pattern. Larvae of angusi and habilis like robinsonii although usually with darker ground color, head capsule somewhat less overtaken with black especially laterally, and variable ventral spotting (present to mostly absent). Both head capsule and body of habilis characteristically "glassy" although some angusi similar. Larvae of these 7 species tend to have extensive black ventrally on head capsule lobes, labrum, maxilla and/or prothoracic gland (some serena, angusi, habilis particularly so). Statements in Wagner et al. (2011) about larval separability among these 7 species are mostly overly optimistic, since the range of character variation is greater than previously understood.